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KPIsLearn the fundamentals of the PRINCE2 Agile method.

.Practitioner Definition of KPIsIncludes Foundation & Practitioner combined option.Key performance indicators, often referred to as KPIs, are specific, measurable values that show how effectively a project or initiative is achieving its key objectives. KPIs are used as a guide to keep a project team on track and moving towards its goals.Scrum

Difference between metrics and KPIsScrum Essentials

All KPIs are metrics, but not all metrics are KPIs. Metrics are a broad set of measurements that projects and organisations can use to measure their performance. KPIs are a subset of metrics and are critical performance indicators directly linked to a project’s success.Self-paced training course to learn the essentials of Scrum.

Types of KPIs in project managementScrum Master

Financial KPIsChoose Scrum Alliance or Scrum.org Scrum Master training courses.: Monetarily oriented, this set of key performance indicators (KPIs) track financial elements of a project. These include Cost Performance Index (CPI), ROI (Return on investment), and Budget Variance.Scrum Product Owner Operational KPIsChoose Scrum Alliance or Scrum.org Product Owner training courses.

: Operationally oriented, this set of KPIs monitor the daily project performance. Schedule Performance Index (SPI), Resource Utilisation Rate, Defect Rate are examples.AgileBA

Customer-focused KPIs®

: These indicators are oriented to client satisfaction and value delivery in a project. Customer Satisfaction Score, Net Promoter Score (NPS), On-time Delivery Rate are examples. – Agile Business Analysis

Employee KPIsFoundation

: Employee-focused KPIs measure the performance and well-being of the project team. Examples include Team Productivity, Employee Satisfaction Index, and Training Effectiveness.Learn the fundamentals of Agile Business Analysis.Enhance your skills with our expert-led coursesPractitioner 4-day course including Foundation.

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WHAT YOU WILL GETOur courses and workshops include:

Certification exam(s) where applicableAccredited training course materialsExpert, experienced trainers to support you

Quality-related KPIsCourse manual where applicable.

• Defect rate : The defect rate is the KPI that measures the number of mistakes, errors, and problems in your project output. This KPI, combined with others, helps to measure the quality of the output and indicate if you need to change your process or not.SELF-PACED ONLINE TRAINING COURSES
• Customer satisfaction scoreSelf-paced online training courses (e-learning) include:: This score is used to measure the clients’ happiness with the result of your work. High customer satisfaction shows successful Certification exam(s) where applicable
• project deliveryAccredited training course materials and customer expectation management.Support from expert, experienced trainersResource-related KPIsLatest educational technology.Resource utilisation rate
• : The resource utilisation rate measures how much time you spend on your team’s skills. This KPI shows you if there are any bottlenecks or underutilised resources and ways to make it more efficient.BUSINESS SOLUTIONSTeam productivity : This KPI measures the efficiency of the team, showing their output for a unit of time or effort. This rate indicates the general productivity and areas that can be improved to raise efficiency. Monitoring these essential KPIs in projects provides a broad view of how well your project is working. This will help you to take data-driven and timely decisions and manage it proactively for its success.TO HELP ORGANISATIONS IMPROVE
• Implementing KPIs in project managementWe offer solutions to help improve team performance including:Applying KPIs is another important stage to fully leverage them in Consultancy services^{project managementStaff development}. It requires selecting KPIs, tracking them in a structured manner, communicating, and refining them.Compliance training
• Selecting appropriate KPIs for your projectApprenticeship trainingChoose KPIs that align with your project’s specific objectives and constraints. Consider the project’s scope, industry, and stakeholder expectations. Limit your selection to a manageable number of Custom e-Learning development
• key indicators to maintain focus and prevent data overload.
• Setting up KPI tracking systemsFind out moreImplement systems to consistently collect and track data for each KPI. Utilise project management software

or tools that allow you to monitor KPIs in real-time. Ensure data accuracy by establishing clear guidelines for data collection and reporting. Regularly review and update your KPI tracking processes to adapt to project changes.

• Communicating KPIs to team members and stakehol
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• The different types of common project risksSelf-pacedThe process of risk management on projectsPRINCE2 Agile Practitioner (with Foundation) self-paced online

The tools and techniques used in risk management

The strategies for effective risk mitigation£1,399 +vatThe best practices for successful risk management on projects. By the end of this article, you will be able to:

Identify potential risks on your projects Apply effective risk management strategiesSelf-pacedImprove the chances of your project’s success.AgilePM Practitioner (with Foundation) self-paced online

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such as FAQsPRINCE2 courseWhat is the difference between a KPI and a metric in project management? or an KPIs are metrics that are directly linked to key project goals, while metrics are measurements used more generally.APM courseHow many KPIs should I use for my project?.Generally, 5-7 key KPIs are enough. It is more important to choose the right KPIs than to have a large number of KPIs which may just add to information overload.Let’s begin and explore the world of How often should I review and update my project KPIs?project risk managementReview and update your project KPIs on a monthly or quarterly basis, or as the needs of the project change.

• and how to protect your projects from potential risks.Can KPIs be used in Agile project management?Understanding project risksYes, KPIs are a useful tool for
• Definition of project riskAgileA project management, particularly for measuring sprint and release performance.
• project riskHow do I align my project KPIs with overall business objectives? refers to an uncertain event or condition that, if it occurs, has the potential to either positively or negatively affect the outcome of a project. Risks can impact project objectives such as scope, schedule, cost, or quality. Examples of project risks include changes in customer requirements, budget constraints, delays in schedules, technical issues, resource shortages, and more.Talk to key stakeholders and refer to your organisation’s strategy when deciding on project KPIs, in order to ensure they are aligned with overall business objectives.Types of project risksInfographicProject risks can be classified into various categories, including:Subscribe to our exclusive offers and promotionsInternal risks : These risks originate from within the project or the organisation itself. They can be related to factors such as team dynamics, resource availability, or management decisions.Subscribe now
• External risks : These risks arise from factors outside the project’s control, such as economic conditions, regulatory changes, natural disasters, or market trends. Technical risks: Technical risks are associated with the technology or methodologies used in the project. They may involve issues like software glitches, hardware failures, integration challenges, or inadequate technical expertise.
• Financial risks: Financial risks impact the project’s budget, funding, or financial resources. They can include factors like unexpected cost overruns, currency fluctuations, or inadequate financial planning.
• Operational risks: Operational risks affect the day-to-day functioning of the project. They can encompass issues like human errors, process inefficiencies, supply chain disruptions, or equipment failures.
• Strategic risks: Strategic risks influence the project’s alignment with the organisation’s overall business goals. They may involve risks related to changing market demands, competitive pressures, or organisational changes.
• Impact of risks on project successRisks can have a variety of impacts on a project’s success:Positive effects

: These could include opportunities for innovation or efficiency improvements

Negative effects: These could lead to delays, cost overruns, or quality issues. Copied!

• Key takeawaysA business case helps decision-makers judge whether an investment is worth the time, money and risk.
• State the reason for the activity and ensure it aligns with organisational strategy.Compare realistic options, including doing nothing, and clearly justify the preferred choice.
• Separate project costs and timescales from ongoing operational costs and benefit realisation timescales.Define benefits in measurable terms and distinguish outcomes from benefits so performance can be tracked.Include known dis-benefits and major risks, plus mitigations, to avoid one-sided decisions.Use an investment appraisal, such as net benefits and break-even timing, to test viability.

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• AXELOS Peoplecert accredited training organisation for ITIL (IT Infrastructure Library).
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• Knowledge Train is an AIPGF Accredited Training Organization.
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Self-paced online training courses (e-learning) include:

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• 19 Feb 2026OUR VALUES ^{Our 6 core values are everything we do. They include:} Learn the essential project management skills you need to succeed at delivering projects. Read this handy guide to develop these key capabilities and become a better project leader.Integrity

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• For: Business case example 2: Handheld device project : Categorise risks based on severity. Request a quotepeople wanting a globally recognized project management qualification.Imagine a heating repair services company that uses a paper-based set of forms filled in by an engineer during site visits. The spare parts required to fix the heater are recorded on a form which is given to staff to process back in the office. They then order the parts, and schedule a follow-up visit for the engineer to fix the heater.Preferences Prioritise risks based on their potential impact.
• Covers: Enhance your skills with our expert-led courses PRINCE2 training course reviewsRisk response planning project management processes For each prioritised risk, develop a response strategy. Common responses include: and terminology. Simon BuehringAvoidance
• Reference book: Preferences19 Feb 2026 : Eliminate the threat by changing +44 (0)207 148 5985A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Instructor-ledproject plans ^{® Watch video reviews from students who attended a PRINCE2 training course with Knowledge Train. Click through to hear about their experiences.Better Business Cases Practitioner (with Foundation) courseMitigation[email protected]} Guide), 7th Edition. : Reduce the probability or impact of the risk
• Study duration: £2,400 +vatTransfer 35 hours online. : Shift the risk to a third party (e.g. insurance)
• Exam: See all datesAcceptance 3 hours, 150 multiple-choice questions. : Acknowledge the risk and prepare contingency plans.
• Learning path: The technical storage or access is necessary for the legitimate purpose of storing preferences that are not requested by the subscriber or user. Document your response strategies in a risk management plan. CAPM Risk monitoring and control ^{® Self-pacedContinuously monitor risks throughout the project lifecycle. This includes:United Kingdom}

Project Management Professional (PMP) Better Business Cases Practitioner (with Foundation) self-paced onlineRegular risk reviews and updates ^{® Tracking risk triggers and early warning signs} (intermediate qualification)Statistics £1,199 +vatImplementing planned responses when necessary

• Difficulty level: Evaluating the effectiveness of risk responses. medium to high. Adjust your risk management approach as needed based on new information and changing project conditions.
• Prerequisites: By following this structured process, you can effectively manage risks and increase your project’s chances of success.
  • A secondary degree (high school diploma, associate degree, or the global equivalent) with a minimum of five years of project management experience, with 7,500 hours leading and directing Statistics Self-pacedEnhance your skills with our expert-led coursesSearchprojects Better Business Cases Foundation self-paced online and 35 hours of project management education; or,
  • A four-year degree (bachelor’s degree or the global equivalent) and at least three years of project management experience, with a minimum of 4,500 hours leading and directing projects and 35 hours of project management education. £699 +vat
• For: Let’s now look at this example business case.Instructor-led people wanting a globally recognized project management qualification. Executive summaryIntroduction to Project Management course
• Covers: This sample business case contains an executive summary. This section briefly describes the selected option and the key benefits it will bring. United Kingdomthe application of project management knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques. Reasons£499 +vatAustria
• Reference book: The technical storage or access that is used exclusively for statistical purposes. The reasons for the project are clearly spelled out when describing the 3 current problems which the company faces. BelgiumA Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK OptionsSee all datesBulgaria^{®The technical storage or access that is used exclusively for anonymous statistical purposes. Without a subpoena, voluntary compliance on the part of your Internet Service Provider, or additional records from a third party, information stored or retrieved for this purpose alone cannot usually be used to identify you. In this example, there are 2 options (other than do nothing) which have been examined. Each option is summarized and the reason why option 3 is the preferred option has been stated. Croatia} Guide), 7 Benefits Cyprus^{th The expected benefits of reduced overheads are clearly stated. Benefits should be measurable and quantifiable. That means that the benefits can be measured later. But what about the reduced errors, rescheduled appointments and customer contract cancellations? Aren’t they benefits? Czech Republic} Edition. Give us a callWell, these are in fact something else – they’re called outcomes. Outcomes are the results of the changes which come about by using the new handheld devices. The ways you measure the improvements resulting from these outcomes are known as benefits.Instructor-ledDenmark
• Study duration: Dis-benefitsProject Management EssentialsEstonia35 hours online. This example also contains a dis-benefit which is that the back-office staff morale will be lower due to reduced overtime payments. A dis-benefit, if you’re wondering, is a negative consequence of a project. It’s not the same as a risk which implies something uncertain. A dis-benefit is something which you know will happen because of the project and it has negative consequences for the organisation. It’s the opposite of a benefit! Finland
• Exam: Marketing+44 (0)207 148 5985Timescales£999 +vatFrance4 hours, 200 multiple-choice questions. Just as we saw in the previous example, the business case contains 2 timescales – the project timescales (i.e. the time it will take to complete the project) and the benefits realization timescales (i.e. the time over which benefits are expected to be realized). Germany
• Learning path: Or chat with us using the link at the bottom of the screen.CostsSee all datesGreecePMP Contact us with questions about the courses on this page, or about which project management certification or training is best for you.Again, there are 2 costs – project costs and the ongoing operational costs over the benefits realization timescale. When the decision is taken whether to invest in this project, the total costs (i.e. project costs and ongoing operational costs) are weighed against the expected benefits over the same time period.Tools and techniques for project risk managementIreland^{®MarketingFinance FAQsRisksRisk registerItaly}

International Project Management Association (IPMA ContactOne major risk has been identified in this example, but on your project, there could be many risks.A Latvia^{® CookiesInvestment appraisalrisk registerLithuania}) qualifications PrivacyThe final section is the investment appraisal. The investment technique used in this example is called net benefits. As you can see from the table, the project and operational costs are recorded for each year of the investment. is a document that lists all identified risks along with their potential impact and planned mitigation. Components to include are:Luxemburg

The IPMA TermsThe project lasts 1 year which is why the project costs are zero after year 1. Of course, the benefits won’t be realized until the solution is in place and the company starts to use the handheld devices.Risk descriptionMalta^{® Customer SupportThe net benefits are simply the total benefits minus the total costs. This shows that the company will start to get a return on its investment sometime towards the end of year 2. This knowledge is vital if the decision-makers are to take a sensible decision about whether to invest in the project.Probability and impact assessmentNetherlands} is a Federation of over 55 Member Associations (MAs), each representing one country. The MAs develop project management competencies in their geographic areas. Business case templateRisk ownerPoland

The IPMA has a four-level certification program: [email protected]This simple Mitigation strategiesPortugal

• IPMA Level A: for those managing complex project The technical storage or access is required to create user profiles to send advertising, or to track the user on a website or across several websites for similar marketing purposes.Join Our Teambusiness case templateContingency plans.Romaniaportfolios is free to download.Maintain your risk register throughout the project, regularly updating it as needed.Slovakia and Manage options[email protected]SummarySWOT analysisSloveniaprogrammesManage services Copyright © 2005-2026 Knowledge Train Limited. A business case is the most important document on any project. That’s because it justifies the investment.SWOT analysisSpain.Manage {vendor_count} vendors Registered in UK: 5566983. It helps an organisation be clear about why a project is needed, and what the results of the investment will be. This is crucial because no organisation has unlimited funds to spend on an unlimited number of projects. Therefore, a business case gives confidence to senior managers when deciding to invest in one project rather than another. is used to identify factors that may impact your project:Sweden
• IPMA Level B: for those managing complex projects. Minimum five years of experience.Read more about these purposes Registered VAT: GB872413526.However, as you have seen in this article, a business case is something which you can find useful when taking major decisions in your own personal life. Remember – a business case doesn’t need to be a lengthy document. It could easily be a few notes scribbled on the back of something or even sent in an email.Strengths: Project advantagesOther countries
• IPMA Level C: for those managing moderately complex projects. Minimum three years of experience. Knowledge TrainWhatever form your business case takes, remember one thing – it will help you or your organisation take sensible decisions about committing time and resources to a project or activity.Weaknesses: Areas for improvementHome
• IPMA Level D: for those working on projects seeking project management knowledge.Accept®Remember, if you want to learn more about developing a business case, and learn many of the techniques useful for assessing business problems, consider attending a classroom Opportunities: Potential benefitsProject Management

is a registered trademark of Knowledge Train Limited. business analyst courseThreats: Possible risks.Deny 20 Old Bailey, London, EC4M 7AN, England, United Kingdom..Performing a SWOT analysis gives you a well-rounded view of your project’s risk landscape. Knowledge Train are experts in project management, PRINCE2, agile and change management training and certification. Choose from a full range of instructor-led and self-paced Enhance your skills with our expert-led coursesBrainstorming sessions

View preferencesproject management courses Organise structured

, a brainstorming sessionsSave preferencesPRINCE2 course with your team to identify potential risks. Encourage open discussion and creative thinking. Techniques you can use include: , or an Instructor-ledNominal group technique

View preferencesagile project management courseBetter Business Cases Practitioner (with Foundation) courseAffinity diagramming

is a registered mark of the DevOps Institute. “PMI”, “PMBOKWho approves a business case?

®Usually on a project, the project sponsor (the person or people who are committing the funds) will approve a business case. Before approving it, they need to have confidence that the problems have been addressed and the right solution has been selected, that the benefits are achievable and realistic, when the investment will pay off, and how big will the return on investment be.

Guide”, “PMP” and “CAPM” are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc. Knowledge Train Scrum Essentials™, Business Learning Library (BLL)™, Business Analysis Learning Library (BALL)™, Agile Learning Library (ALL)™, IT Learning Library (ITLL)™, and Compliance Learning Library (CLL)™ are trademarks of Knowledge Train Limited. All rights reserved.What makes a good business case?

Knowledge Train Ltd is an Introducer Appointed Representative of NewDay Cards Ltd for the Newpay finance product provided by NewDay Ltd. NewDay Cards Ltd acts as a credit broker, not a lender. We will introduce you exclusively to Newpay finance products provided by NewDay Limited under this Introducer Appointed Representative arrangement. Finance available from other lenders is not covered by this arrangement. NewDay Ltd and Newday Cards Ltd are authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority (ref nos 690292 and 682417 respectively).As you have seen in this article, there’s several important bits of information which goes into a business case. Don’t spend unnecessary time though adding information which isn’t required. Your project sponsor will have to read your business case before they approve it, and you don’t want to make their job any harder than it already is!

• There are several things you can use to check whether your business case is adequate or not. Here’s a checklist of 13 questions to ask yourself before you submit your business case to your sponsor for approval: Are the reasons for the project consistent with the corporate, portfolio or programme management
• Search strategies? Is the project plan aligned with the business case? (e.g. are the costs and timescales in the project plan correctly reflected in the business case?) Are the benefits clearly identified and justified?

Is it clear how the benefits will be realized?

• Is it clearly defined what will judged a successful outcome? Is the preferred business option clearly stated, along with the reasons why? If the project requires external procurement, is the preferred sourcing option stated, and why?
• Is it clearly stated how any necessary funding will be obtained?Request a quoteDoes the business case include non-financial, as well as financial criteria? ^{Does the business case include operations and maintenance costs and risks?} Does the business case include project costs and risks?

Does the business case conform to organisational accounting standards (e.g. break-even analysis and cash-flow conventions)?

• Are the major risks faced by the project explicitly stated, together with any proposed responses? How do you write a good business case? A good business case must contain certain key information including:
• The reasons for doing the project;Manage ConsentThe business options which have been considered, including the base business options of do nothing, so something, or do something else; Project and operational costs;

To provide the best experiences, we use technologies like cookies to store and/or access device information. Consenting to these technologies will allow us to process data such as browsing behavior or unique IDs on this site. Not consenting or withdrawing consent, may adversely affect certain features and functions.Project and operational timescales;

Benefits, expressed in measurable terms;